still conservative Republicans. HUj@}WDn! If this activity does not load, try refreshing your browser. Segregation laws would sunset and have to be repealed within the next 20 years. WebThe Reconstruction period lasted from 1865 to 1877. It was thought the freed slaves would be forced to work. Where did most black Americans live in 1900? WebEvaluating Reconstruction Directions: Watch Crash Course #22 and use your Reconstruction Notes to answer the questions below. The Fifteenth Amendment was designed to allow all male citizens the right to vote regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. This was a bold and progressive change to Americas Constitution, however feelings of racism persisted throughout the wounded nation. More recent interpretations, however, offer a broader timeline for Reconstruction. But another clear reason was the often ineffective and incompetent governing that characterized many of the post-war Republican Southern governments. WebCompare and contrast the Reconstruction plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and the Radical Republicans. they wre industrialists and bankers. that he violated the Tenure of Office Act--by firing Sec of War Stanton. HUKo@+VaX@R)nQ1 cwfgK.^|[EsyRBoe &:|. iqQ1c@:)~ TBSQs*qUN!hGm!y~ ;9Yz`E_>| ? :d l%Ope,s/4*rxWOOORcH!G*Q-9#E&iP@Lm6DE#4rt>Oi>'~h[WFW8D'UF1;6>3R^}kE`VqL0, DLi] ZP7 ~K]M6 Yes, two from Mississippi. Communities would combine their farms yields to ensure everyone had enough food. The central question of Reconstruction was how to reunite a badly divided country fractured by four years of civil war. Federal troops were removed from the Southern states and the Democratic majority was entrusted to protect and enforce the rights of African Americans. Segregation laws were legal in former Confederate states only. Blacks were required to either sign labor contracts or face arrest for vagrancy, and they were not allowed to serve on juries or testify in court. A large number of immigrants and African Americans were given voting rights. How might a fact like this have affected opinions on questions such as civil rights, government contracts for major infrastructure improvements (such as railroads) and shaped views on questions such as education? With the assistance of original historical documents, students will consider the ways different perceptions from leading political figures about the outcomes of Reconstruction affected the political debate and the political future of the nation. Print out all material from the Text Documents, and make the appropriate number of copies for the students. Things began to change socially, politically, and economically. When did reconstruction begin? Reconstruction lasted from the Civil War to 1877. During Civil War they had "rehearsals" for reconstruction in the Union-occupied south. Idea of black people being free began during the Civil War. Students will be organized into five small groups, each of which will be assigned a document and a set of worksheet questions. In some cases these newcomers were motivated by noble sentiment, while others were merely out to seek their fortunes. While not generally used today, it was accepted usage (by both black and white writers) during this period and it is part of the historical record. Would he or she benefit from certain parts of it? The great political battles of the era were full of interesting reflections and assertions about the nature and purpose of America and American government. What were Black Codes, and why were they created? Connect to Life Which speaker's view of love appeals more to you? While some historians see Reconstruction as both success and failure, Foner takes an unequivocal stance that Reconstruction was not at all successful. He cites several reasons in support of his opinion economic and political, as well as social. answer choices The four states did not rejoin the Union until 1870. EDSITEment is a project of theNational Endowment for the Humanities, Smithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era, America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War, Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation, Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis, Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869, The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, Letter from President Ulysses S. Grant to the Hon. In fact, African Americans took part in all the conventions and made up the majority of delegates in South Carolina. In parallel, the "Lost Cause" narrative of the Civil War argued that the Confederacy had been justified in its effort to secede from the Union and that Reconstruction had been a mistake. The Reconstruction Act was refined by subsequent legislation. ;R5p c-Ncc:ey].Ai4d1]'M-azo!/,'Kx5,:aC;C .Qhg Right now, he is working on the chapter that examines the importance and impact of the Fourteenth Amendment. One thing students might consider, for example, is how the devastation of war and the slow pace of efforts to recover from that devastation kept the South in a subordinate economic position in comparison to the faster growing cities of the North. How did whites regain political control in the south? Lincoln realized that, with the war over, anything that prolonged the divide between North and South would be harmful to the nation overall. Evaluating Reconstruction .docx - Course Hero The Jim Crow era replaced Reconstruction and ushered in a new era of racial segregation, violence, and murder well into the twentieth century. It also made it difficult to enforce Republican plans for Reconstruction or the 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution. pF{:RTV African American males would not have the right to vote until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed. e17bZVXrKW@]snp/bAb Ff# 4} GoBEeNoh,:XDlU@? 1&f<6a&wX5:(mIt%`}o"0`PVi>r#7e^2F+Y{\p^W Sharecropping. In preparation for teaching this lesson, the teacher should review the entire lesson plan, including introductory background information. 0 Distinguish the central and driving ideas at work in the documents used to illustrate this lesson. What were the provisions of the first Reconstruction Act? 35(VgS[Ywhhyy]^TTrni9j8m^!^ H` But in the end, events overpowered the best thinking on both sides of this divide and the impact of these great victories was left to be felt and interpreted by a new generation of Americans. To help African Americans, particularly those who had been enslaved, adjust to life with increased rights and responsibilities, To ensure that white voters supported anti-slavery laws and policies. It tested the Constitution and resulted in a compromise that ended Reconstruction in America. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. You can find more resources to supplement this lesson at ourSmithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era. It forbade any state to deny any citizen the right to vote because of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude", Northerners who went south in search for profits; Southners who supported the Republican governments in the South. It required former Confederate states to include a ban on slavery in their state constitutions. Established the concepts of birthright citizenship (anyone born within U.S. boundaries or territories subject to the jurisdiction of U.S. law was automatically a U.S. citizen, excluding Indians) and equal protection of the law. It prohibited state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of slavery. RZhC At the end of the day, what did it mean to be an American, and whose rights were deserving of the full protection of the U.S. government? Radical Republicans thought it was letting the South off too easily. accomplished nothing, it was almost never enforced. The federal government pledged larger amounts of financial assistance to the Southern states. Certainly, there was deep resentment on the part of many white southerners who did not want to accept the idea of racial equality. The House and Senate refused to seat southern delegates. If loading fails, click here to try again. Georgia, along with Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia, had to satisfy an additional condition: ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which prohibited the states from denying a citizen the right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Once you are finished, click the button below. How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? Failure of Reconstruction (video) | Khan Academy Copy of Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Activity.docx, Karen-Hernandez_Evaluating_Reconstruction_Interactive_Activity, Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.docx, Janmarco Ordonez Romero - Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.pdf, Linh Ho - Reconstruction Notes Questions.docx, Deysha Macrae Reconstruction assignment.docx, HIS 121-W1 Ch. What was the purpose of the military Reconstruction Act quizlet? The Military Reconstruction Act stated that remaining Confederate states that had not been reconstructed would be divided into five military districts and put under martial law. State governments set up under Johnsons Reconstruction plan were deemed illegal and new governments were to be formed. white Democrats who used their political power to oppress the Black community, PREPOSITIONS AND CONJUNCTIONS (INFINITIVE VS., Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen. There was no profit for workers. Tradesmen hoping to take advantage of the vast number of construction contracts being offered to rebuild the war-torn South. The WadeDavis Bill was proposed by the Radical Republicans who sought to punish the South for their rebellion and to reinforce the expectation of loyalty and obedience to the federal government. All of the amendments were made to protect former slaves and their rights but on paper they did not have any rights. A large number of Republican lawmakers regained seats in Southern state governments, but chose to abandon Reconstruction reforms. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union What were the problems _Rd~HYzA?NMDDJHojx,zZ gk3pi:A2!I,8X^78ZrT]RruNx6 It was known as the 10% Plan. What happened to white small farmers during this time? hWO0Gx`*Bi1 `ZS"%;;NS5J;|@@hHx4&"A $ #p H}AxChDGOB(9S,vcs:JI]V]WywIO{{AS !^}8;]:yNc0v*4Xqa`p k5 z2 9&+cr'~ IOV~=GHB:'*kXa=9r^baYz/1ag7F:,Ww AF;{zVV5S-l/"NZ|'Ol,U#dmCUGe^eE?Ze\mLFMeSZ`E#`jcj~Qm|V$vN81t~~b2[_\$#'b*$]t# it was now all white corruption so did not attract as much attention. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 defined citizenship and affirmed that all citizens are equally protected by the law. Alexander Stephens. (.EVDY(*BAwz{}}$awd$J7 IBFQ` Women still could not vote. While many of the efforts at reconstruction were legitimate and well-intentioned, a good number were not. The sharecropping model left many tenant farmers in such dire straits that it was nearly impossible to break free from their economic shackles. . there was corruption, but no more in the South than the North and no more than usual in the gov't, but Democrats kept this myth alive to keep power. If the teachers students have little experience evaluating primary source documents, there are several websites that include activities to help students develop these skills. Which group was still not aloud to vote? The reconstruction period had its successes and failures. Established in March 1865, the Bureau had provided blacks in the South with material assistance, schools, and guidance in settling on abandoned land. WebReconstruction was a significant chapter in the history of civil rights in the United States, but most historians consider it a failure. In May 1865, with Congress out of session, Johnson began to implement his own Reconstruction program. D 7. Locate the vocabulary word gesticulation in the text. D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina (on the occasion of riots in Hamburg, S.C.), August 1, 1876, Group C: Excerpt from Carl Schurz, speech in the Senate, January 30, 1872, Group D: Rutherford B. Hayes, letter of acceptance of the nomination for the Presidency, June 8, 1876. Lincolns view, while prudent, was not extremely popular. The passage of the 14th Amendment and Civil Rights legislation were great victories for the advocates of equality under the law. Removing #book# President Grant undoubtedly played a important role in what was the country's first civil rights movement in some ways, but Reconstruction had its shortcomings. the amendment stating that all people born in the US have the same rights and are all born equal under the law. hbbd``b`"|c4`@@Hd100Kg0` [6O;},DLJ ^;4Orqb.:)O.FXl-%}ZXMHlxixt0CM@)Ymr3xQwv_D&?Qe2}=4#r"A: %QHW)/7+ "IG first hand documnets or eye witness accounts from this time. If you leave this page, your progress will be lost. Southern voters also elected to Congress highranking Confederate officials and officers, some of whom had not received one of the thirteen thousand pardons Johnson issued during the summer of 1865. Hayes would be president with the understanding that he would deal 'justly' with the south (leave them alone and allow them to restore white supremacy. 124 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<0D0942F02A0E3A4583123BBEFA335B80><310633F8B9553C42B3774455F36DF9D6>]/Index[109 24]/Info 108 0 R/Length 78/Prev 144476/Root 110 0 R/Size 133/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream This lesson plan will explore the social, economic and political conditions of the United States as Reconstruction drew to a close in the years leading up to the Compromise of 1877. endstream endobj 115 0 obj <>stream 132 0 obj <>stream His policies after he became president were even more lenient than Lincoln's, and they caused a confrontation with the Radical Republicans in Congress that culminated in his impeachment. He placed North Carolina and eventually other states under appointed provisional governors chosen mostly from among prominent southern politicians who had opposed the secession movement and had rendered no conspicuous service to the Confederacy. What tactic was used? Group A: Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis from Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States From Interviews with Former Slaves, North Carolina Narratives, 1937, Group B: Excerpt from Rev. (Ge,YAjB%f~&L uG0Bqw4$VFF[RN ;J_:;`' In that compromise, Republican Rutherford B. Hayes won a tight race for the Presidency with just one electoral voteon the condition that all federal troops be removed from the South and a southern Democrat be named to his cabinet. Johnson pushed for laws limiting the Executive Branchs power to help ensure the policies included in the Radical Reconstruction plan would endure after he left office. Compute the acceleration of the particle after 2 seconds -30. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Freedmen's Bureau, Reconstruction, Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan and more. His campaign theme was "Let Us Have Peace," and he tried his best to promote sectional and racial harmony throughout the country. 3 southern states votes came in with 2 sets of counts, 1 Dem, 1 Repub, so the vote went to the House of Representatives who decided Republicans. Weighted against growth in the North, the South fared poorer by all economic gauges. Which class in the New South had recovered political power from the carpetbaggers? The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. Which plan was the hardest on the South? endstream endobj 116 0 obj <>stream Question 2 Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? vague-treason, bribery, or other high crimes or misdemeanors. Granted citizenship, due process, and equal protection under the law. The states were put under the control of military commanders until they ratified the Fourteenth Amendment and rebuilt their state governments. In many ways, we continue these struggles in our politics today. they had belonged to the democratic party known as the bourbon democrats. !~TrFH(n$J*sEsoWg >tNs=agsdZqRikzY9;.k`A5T-*kd>[MQ`&;Q3=z,:\P:GeeeE? Exclusion of the last group reflected Johnson's hatred of the planter aristocracy rather than some condition that had to do with restoring the former Confederate states. The teacher may also want to point out that original documents, such as these, retain their original spelling and syntaxeven if incorrect. bJLA/RO\Hh2cN]J8JUApfGuYB^(YDLsNil/y!0>3LW{0 nPt2==eD>>H5o dkRlbH/Wo/3+Po32dDJAw'sN72G>0,a-X{..\&j;Z0P{~S W]O"Kwrzb\G 7O XctWhpk Reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet Workers would be given a modest home, supplies, and a small portion of land to farm for personal use in exchange for also farming the landowners land. Determined to prevent Johnson from interfering with their plan, Radical Republicans pushed through two pieces of legislation in March 1867 intended to severely limit presidential power. dzB;. What paragraph clues help you determine the possible meaning of the word? Northern Democrats who moved into former Confederate-controlled states with the intention of upsetting Radical Reconstruction plans. The EDSITEment-reviewed sites Digital History and Documenting the American South offer a wide variety of documents concerning the effects of Reconstruction on the newly freed black population and Southern society, in general. What was President Johnsons role in the period of Radical Reconstruction that took place in 1867 and 1868? Gave blacks curfews and did not allow them to carry guns. endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream 436 0 obj <>stream Given sentence below refers to a numbered sentence in the passage. the South divided into 5 military districts, A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union. The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. In all, the history of Reconstruction was an object lesson in the limitations of persuasion in politicsas was the history of the Civil War that preceded it. The effects of the Civil War and of Reconstructionparticularly in the Southcontinue to shape and to be a contentious subject in our politics today. Each document corresponds to one of the five Topics in the After Reconstruction section of the interactive. What limited African American freedom during Reconstruction? Reconstruction Era National Historic Park in Beaufort, South Carolina defines Reconstruction as having started in 1861 (the beginning of the American Civil War) and lasting until the early twentieth century. xT+&DLeD As a result, the Democrats began using their newfound majority to roll back many of the social programs put in place during Reconstruction that were designed to aid the poor and African Americans. Who did the Fifteenth Amendment formally grant the right to vote in 1870? How did John Wilkes Booth affect Reconstruction? Write a short essay on how social contexts surrounding a person can contribute to his or her upbringing, beliefs and overall quality of life. Maintaining a visible and active presence of Union troops in the South to facilitate the peaceful operation of government and Reconstruction was expensive and frustrating to many in Congress. plan was the easiest on the South? Question 3 How did the WadeDavis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? until early 1900's they still mostly lived in the south. The end of the Civil War found the nation without a settled Reconstruction policy. Howdid the Thirteenth Amendment changethe Constitution? Because of doubts about the constitutionality of the new Civil Rights Act, the congressional Joint Committee on Reconstruction drafted the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. The long alliance between the women's movement and the abolitionist cause broke, and women struggled on their own for another half century for the right to vote. Who did the states and congress give free land to? The speeches backfired. What wasthe primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? `cw]}{(ugeFo, +mKk.]{g~S^NWs0znS`~Zm%,Kw~vBY5_oLx|? Segregation was legal, as long as the notion of separate but equal was being followed. 3) The South could not repay loans from countries that helped them. legislators that were elected to office in the South during Reconstruction? Expert Help. For each group, briefly describe (in one paragraph) the primary motivations and objectives that moved them to action. endstream endobj 118 0 obj <>stream It abolished slavery in the United States. Grant was nearly universally revered by the time of his death in 1885. WebEvaluating Reconstruction from Multiple Perspectives Introduction The 10 year period after the Civil War is known as the Reconstruction Era. It required that 50 percent of a state's voters take the oath of allegiance and demanded stronger safeguards for emancipation than Lincoln's as the price of readmission. Why Did Reconstruction Come to an End? Reconstruction came to an end as a direct result of too many Southerners opposing the reconstruction. He antagonized the northern voters. To reinstate slavery in parts of the United States, To fix damage done to buildings during the war, To rebuild the southern economy and society. There were many reasons for the unpopularity of Congressional Reconstruction in the South. Formally defines citizenship and protects a person's civil and political rights from being abridged or denied by any state. Blacks that did not have jobs could be put in jail, and therefore took the first job (even bad jobs) offered to them. The historian (i.e., the teacher) will preside over the presentations and discussions and help the class distill the information gathered so that the class, together, can compose a two-page brief for the historian summarizing the impact of the Reconstruction debate over voting rights on the politics of the nation in 1877.
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